Leading Nigerian medical experts have warned that the excessive use of perfumes, deodorants, and body sprays containing harmful chemicals may significantly increase the risk of cancer, hormonal disorders, and fertility problems.
In interviews with PUNCH Healthwise, internal medicine and endocrinology specialists highlighted the dangers of substances such as parabens, phthalates, aluminium, triclosan, and bisphenol A—commonly found in cosmetic and personal care products. These are classified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), known to interfere with the body’s hormonal balance.
Hormonal and Reproductive Impacts
Professor Andrew Uloko, a Professor of Medicine and Endocrinology at Bayero University and President of the Endocrine and Metabolism Society of Nigeria, explained that these chemicals could disrupt the endocrine system, which governs hormone production and regulation. According to him, both men and women are at risk, though women—due to higher usage of cosmetic products—face greater exposure.
For women, prolonged use may lead to menstrual irregularities, early puberty, fertility challenges, hormone-sensitive cancers like breast cancer, and thyroid dysfunction, Uloko said. Men can also experience fertility issues, prostate cancer, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
He added that short-term effects include skin rashes, allergic reactions, itching, and respiratory issues like sneezing, choking, and even asthma attacks, especially in individuals with sensitive airways.
Long-Term Health Risks
Uloko warned that long-term exposure could result in irreversible conditions such as:
- Hormone-related cancers (breast, prostate)
- Thyroid disorders
- Neurodevelopmental problems (e.g., hyperactivity disorders)
- Metabolic issues including obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes
- Fertility problems in both sexes
Stopping the use of these products may reverse some short-term symptoms, but chronic conditions like cancer or diabetes, once developed, will require ongoing medical management, he stated.
Regulatory Concerns
The experts called for stricter regulation and clearer labelling of cosmetic and fragrance products. Uloko urged agencies like the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and the Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON) to take firmer action to protect public health.
There was progress when hydroquinone-based creams were banned, but we need consistent oversight. Nigeria cannot become a dumping ground for harmful, unregulated products, he warned.
Dermatology Perspective
Professor Dasetima Altraide, President of the Nigerian Association of Dermatologists, echoed Uloko’s concerns, stating that chemicals like phthalates, parabens, and bisphenol A in perfumes and cosmetics could disrupt hormonal function, particularly in women.
These substances are linked to early puberty, menstrual disorders, fertility issues, hormone-sensitive cancers, and thyroid abnormalities, he said.
Altraide urged consumers to opt for safer alternatives, such as fragrance-free, paraben-free, or certified organic products, and emphasized the urgent need for better regulatory frameworks.
Public Awareness and Lifestyle Change
Both experts agreed that greater public education is needed to raise awareness of the risks associated with daily exposure to endocrine disruptors. They advised Nigerians to reduce the use of chemically-laden personal care products and to prioritize a healthier lifestyle, including diets rich in antioxidants like vitamin C and folate.
The rise in non-communicable diseases in Nigeria may be closely tied to the products we use every day, Uloko concluded.
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