North Korean leader Kim Jong Un has reaffirmed his commitment to expanding the country’s nuclear arsenal, declaring it the ruling party’s “firm will” during a major political gathering in Pyongyang.
Speaking at the conclusion of the Ninth Workers’ Party Congress, Kim vowed to increase both the number of nuclear weapons and the sophistication of their delivery systems. He outlined ambitions that include more advanced intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), submarine-launched platforms, drones, and the integration of artificial intelligence into military operations.
Hours later, around 14,000 troops marched through Kim Il Sung Square in a large-scale military parade illuminated by floodlights and accompanied by fighter jet flyovers. Standing beside Kim was his teenage daughter, widely believed to be named Ju Ae. Her continued public appearances have fueled speculation about a potential future leadership role, although no formal announcement regarding succession was made.
Despite Kim’s assertive rhetoric, the parade was notable for the absence of the heavy strategic weaponry typically showcased at such events. There were no towering ICBMs, hypersonic glide vehicles, or transporter-erector-launchers on display — a marked contrast to previous parades that prominently featured advanced missile systems.
The toned-down hardware display follows a major celebration just months ago marking the ruling party’s 80th anniversary, when state media highlighted what it described as the country’s most powerful ICBM. More recently, North Korean outlets broadcast footage of Kim inspecting and appearing to operate a 600mm multiple rocket launcher the regime claims is nuclear-capable.
Analysts suggest the restrained presentation may signal strategic calculation rather than capability limitations — projecting strength domestically while avoiding overt escalation internationally.
The congress also saw shifts within the leadership. Kim Yo Jong, Kim’s sister, was elevated to director of a key party department, reinforcing her influence within the inner circle. Several senior positions were reshuffled, promoting younger loyalists, while Kim was unanimously reelected as general secretary for another five-year term.
Although Kim reiterated plans for nuclear expansion, he left open the possibility of diplomacy with the United States, contingent on what he described as Washington’s “attitude” — language commonly used by Pyongyang to demand recognition of its nuclear status and an end to perceived hostile policies.
The geopolitical landscape has shifted significantly since Kim’s earlier summits with Donald Trump. North Korea has since strengthened ties with Vladimir Putin, signing a “comprehensive strategic partnership” agreement in June 2024 that includes a mutual defense clause. As Russia’s war in Ukraine continues, Pyongyang’s closer alignment with Moscow has bolstered its bargaining position on the global stage.
Kim warned that any violation of North Korea’s sovereignty would prompt immediate retaliation, as the United States and South Korea prepare to resume joint military exercises.
The parade — heavy on marching troops but light on missile displays — appeared carefully calibrated: a show of unity and readiness at home, and a measured signal abroad that restraint, too, can carry strategic weight.